Reinforced Masonry - Page 5

REFERENCES (Cont.)

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM):
ASTM C 90 Hollow Loadbearing Concrete Masonry Units
ASTM C 145 Solid Loadbearing Concrete Masonry Units
ASTM C 270 Mortar For Unit Masonry
ASTM C 476 Grout for Reinforced and Unreinforced Masonry
ASTM A 615 Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A 616 Rail-Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A 617 Axle-Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A 706 Low-Alloy Steel Deformed Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A 767 Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
ASTM A 775 Epoxy-Coated Reinforced Steel Bars

Masonry Design and Detailing For Architects, Engineers, and Builders, C. Beall, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1987.

Reinforced Masonry Design, R. R. Schneider and W. L. Dickey, 2nd Edition, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1987.

FIG. 1 Two-cell unit with plain or square ends; when laid up in center running bond, continuous vertical cores are formed for placement of rebar and grout.	FIG. 2 Bond beam unit; used with CMU shown in Fig. 1; the cells of this unit are open at the bottom, permitting vertical and horizontal rebar to extend through the unit.
FIG. 3 Open end unit; used in reinforced walls where vertical rebar is required to be in place before masonry units are laid up in the wall.	FIG. 4 Open-end bond beam unit; used with CMU shown in Fig. 3.
FIG. 5 Double open-end unit or "H" block; used in fully grouted walls. Units are laid up with mortar on horizontal bed joints only; bevelled ends of adjacent units are butted together and grout flows into the recess formed to lock the units together thus eliminating the need for mortared head joints.	FIG. 6 Bond-beam unit; used with block shown in Fig. 5. Unit can also be used to build the entire wall instead of confining its use to bond-beam courses.
FIG. 7 Lintel block; used in reinforced walls to span over window and door openings. Units are manufactured with heights of 8 in. and 16 in. to accommodate short and long spans.	FIG. 8 Used where clean-out openings are needed as in high-lift grouting; scores or grooves are cast on the inside of the face shells so that portions of the face shells can be easily knocked-out.