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References |
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Glossary
FACTORY SEAM A splice made by the manufacturer during
the assembling of narrow width material into large sheets.
FACTORY SQUARE Quantity of sheet material required to
complete 100 ft.2of roofing.
FALLBACK A reduction in asphalt softening point, sometimes
caused by refluxing or overheating in a relatively closed
container.
FELT A flexible sheet manufactured by the interlocking of
fibers with a binder or through a combination of mechanical
work, moisture and heat. Felts are manufactured principally
from vegetable fibers (organic felts), asbestos fibers (asbestos
felts), glass fibers (glass fiber felts) or polyester fibers; other
fibers may be present in each type.
FELT LAYER A machine used for applying asphalt and
built-up roofing felts.
FIBERBOARD A rigid roof insulation board composed
principally of wood and cane fibers integrally treated with
binders.
FIELD SEAM See SEAM.
FINGER BLISTERS Finger-shaped blisters or wrinkles in the
plies of a roofing or waterproofing membrane.
FISHMOUTH A half-cylindrical or half-conical-shaped opening
or void in a lapped edge or seam of a membrane, usually
caused by wrinkling, or discontinuities in the lap.
FLASHING The system used to seal membrane edges at
walls, expansion joints, drains, gravel stops, and other places
where the membrane is interrupted or terminated. Base
flashing covers the edges of the membrane. Cap or
counterflashing shields the upper edges of the base flashing.
FLASHING CEMENT A trowelable mixture of cutback asphalt
and mineral stabilizers possibly including asbestos or other
inorganic fibers.
FLAT ASPHALT A roofing asphalt conforming to the
requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type II.
FLOOD COAT The top layer of asphalt used to hold the
aggregate on an aggregate-surfaced, bituminous membrane.
FLUID-APPLIED ELASTOMER An elastomeric material, fluid
at ambient temperatures, that dries or cures after application to
form a continuous membrane. Such systems normally do not
incorporate reinforcements.
FLUX (1) A bituminous material used as a feed stock for
further processing and as a material to soften other bituminous
materials; (2) To remelt the coating asphalt on the back of an
asphalt or modified bitumen cap sheet during application.
GLASS FELT A glass mat that has been impregnated and/or
coated with asphalt to create a roofing product.
GLASS MAT A thin mat of glass fibers with or without a binder.
GLAZE COAT A thin layer of asphalt (usually 10-15 pounds
per 100 sq. ft. [0.49 - 0.73 kg/m2]) applied to a bituminous
membrane system.
GRANULES See MINERAL GRANULES.
GRAVEL Coarse, granular aggregate, with pieces larger than
sand grains, resulting from the natural erosion of rock.
GRAVEL IN To spread aggregate on the surface of the roofing
membrane.
GRAVEL STOP A flanged device, frequently metallic,
designed to prevent loose aggregate from washing off the roof
and to provide a continuous finished edge for the roofing.
HEADLAP In a bituminous assembly, the overlap between the
lower edge of the top exposed ply and the upper edge of the
bottom ply, which provides a margin which ensures that the
membrane is actually a two, three, or four ply membrane.
HEAT AGING Controlled exposure to elevated temperatures
over time.
HEAT WELDING A process or method of melting and sealing
or fusing together the overlapping edges of separate sections
of thermoplastic or uncured elastomeric roofing membranes by
the application of heat and pressure.
HOLIDAY An area where a liquid-applied material is missing.
An absence of adhesive. (Also VOID, SKIP.)
"HOT STUFF" OR "HOT" A roofer’s term for hot asphalt.
(Also ASPHALT, BITUMEN, COAL TAR PITCH.)
ICBO Abbreviation for "International Conference of Building
Officials."
ICE DAM A mass of ice formed at the transition from a warm
to a cold roof surface. Frequently formed by refreezing
meltwater at the overhang of a steep roof, an ice dam may
cause ice and water to back up under shingles or other roofing
materials.
INCLINE The slope of a roof expressed in percent or in the
number of vertical units of rise per horizontal unit of run. (Also
SLOPE.)
INORGANIC Composed of matter other than hydrocarbons
and their derivatives, or matter that is not of plant or animal
origin.
INSULATION See THERMAL INSULATION.
